Lichens, due to their unique biology and sensitivity to contaminants, have emerged as valuable tools for biomonitoring. Their ability to respond to climatic and air quality variations makes them reliable indicators of environmental shifts. This mini review critically evaluates lichen characteristics and their potential as predictive indicators of environmental changes when coupled with precise research methodologies. Our findings highlight lichens as organisms capable of responding to ecological toxins, thus functioning as bioindicators. Their gradual growth rate allows them to accumulate substances, surpassing even Tracheophyta in survival. Moreover, lichens exhibit exceptional nutrient cycling, contributing to ecosystems from a local to regional scale. Given the global significance of environmental alterations and contamination, lichens serve as natural indicators of heat and pollution effects, particularly in mountainous regions. We explore various approaches, including biological strategies, employed to assess atmospheric conditions and contamination susceptibility. Notably, lichens have been identified as significant contributors to particulate matter trapping, revealing a previously unexplored yet vital research avenue. In conclusion, this review underscores the pivotal role of lichens in morphological features and their capacity to capture particulate matter, shedding light on a promising area for further investigation. Keywords: Lichens ; Land management ; Environmental quality ; Bioindicator ; Biomonitoring.