Sarcogyne pruinosa and S. regularis are revised and lectotypes selected. Sarcogyne pruinosa is recognized as oldest name for the species and S. regularis as a synonym. The description of the species is revised. Sarcogyne pruinosa does not occur in North America. Two new species are described, Sarcogyne nimisii from Italy and Sarcogyne belarusensis from Belarus, Germany and Italy. Sarcogyne platycarpoides is lectotypified and S. melaniza is recognized as its synonym. New records are reported of S. distinguenda and S. nivea from the Czech Republic and Italy and S. fallax from the Czech Republic. A key is supplied for 14 species of Sarcogyne on calcareous rock in Europe. Key words: Carbonized margins, convex apothecia, lecideine apothecia, nomenclature, Sarcogyne coeruleonigrans.