Neoichnology of endolithic lichens: an update on the traces produced in fossil bones and teeth
- Author:
- Acosta Hospitaleche C., García R., Pérez L.M. & Márquez G.
- Year:
- 2023
- Journal:
- Historical Biology
- Pages:
- 35(7): 1175‒1185
- Url:
- https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2084693
The present contribution is motivated by the frequent occurrence of traces generated by lichens on the fossil
record, the usual and erroneous attribution of them to plant roots, and the scarce information published
about bioerosive damage caused by lichens. As a result, two different patterns were identified on the surface
and inside the fossil bones and teeth. The first one is characterised by the presence of lines clearer than the
rest of the surface, produced by the hyphae and interrupted by small pits corresponding to the apothecia.
These traces are often confused with Corrossichnia and Sphenoichnia, a situation that leads to taphonomic
and palaeoecological misinterpretation. The second pattern, more unnoticed among other visible traces,
consists of isolated pits without any other surficial trace distributed in the fossil surface. These pits can be
confused with perforations made by many organisms. However, the presence of apothecia and, in some
cases, also hyphae on the fossil remains, allows the accurate identification of the causal agent and the
mechanism of action by which it occurs.
Keywords: Bioerosion; taphonomy; South America; Antarctica; Cenozoic.
- Id:
- 35705
- Submitter:
- zpalice
- Post_time:
- Saturday, 05 August 2023 19:18