Calicium sperlingiae is described as new from Oregon, U.S.A. It was collected on the bark of Pseudotsuga menziesii on lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management, United States Department of the Interior. It is placed in Calicium based on morphology (stalked apothecia with black mazaedia and brown 2-celled, ellipsoidal ascospores) and molecular data. Phylogenetic relationships are inferred using the ITS region. The species is characterized by its superficial and well-developed, grayish-white, granular to leprose thallus, I– apothecia, moderately white-pruinose mazaedia, and relatively short clavate asci. A key to the North American species of Calicium is provided. Keywords: Biogeography, lichen systematics, lichenology, phylogenetic analysis, Pseudotsuga menziesii.