Nephroma tangeriense was previously known from Macaronesia, the Mediterranean Basin, and western Europe north to Norway, and is here reported from the island of Kauai, Hawaii. The ITS sequence obtained from the specimen differs from the main European/Macaronesian genotype in only a single nucleotide substitution. A haplotype network of the N. laevigatum group is presented. Biogeography, haplotype network, lichenized fungi, Nephroma washingtoniense, Nephromataceae, Peltigerales