The genus Psilolechia Massal. is reviewed; four species are accepted, including P. leprosa sp. nov. from copper-rich sites in north-west Europe and Greenland, and P. purpurascens sp. nov. from Tasmania. A hyphomycetous anamorph is described for P. clavulifera, and anomalous forms of P. lucida with a vicarious, Stichococcus photobiont are reported