We report 31 species of lichenicolous fungi as new to Norway. Of these, 16 are new to Fennoscandia. Based on molecular phylogenetic results and newly discovered pycnidia in Phacographa protoparmeliae, the combination Phacographa lapponica (Ihlen) Frisch & Ihlen is introduced for Epicladonia lapponica Ihlen. A lectotype is selected for Phaeospora geographicola Arnold [= Opegrapha geographicola (Arnold) Hafellner]. New distribution data are given for 53 rare or seldom reported lichenicolous fungi. Our results evidence the limited state of knowledge on this diverse group of fungi in Norway. This study highlights the importance of intensified mapping efforts and of scientific collections for documenting unknown species diversity.