A new lineage of mazaediate fungi in the Eurotiomycetes: Cryptocaliciomycetidae subclass. nov., based on the new species Cryptocalicium blascoi and the revision of the ascoma evolution
- Author:
- Prieto M., Etayo J. & Olariaga I.
- Year:
- 2021
- Journal:
- Mycological Progress
- Pages:
- 20: 889–904
- Url:
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01710-y
The class Eurotiomycetes (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina) comprises important fungi used for medical, agricultural, industrial
and scientific purposes. Eurotiomycetes is a morphologically and ecologically diverse monophyletic group. Within the
Eurotiomycetes, different ascoma morphologies are found including cleistothecia and perithecia but also apothecia or stromatic
forms. Mazaediate representatives (with a distinct structure in which loose masses of ascospores accumulate to be passively
disseminated) have evolved independently several times. Here we describe a new mazaediate species belonging to the
Eurotiomycetes. The multigene phylogeny produced (7 gene regions: nuLSU, nuSSU, 5.8S nuITS, mtSSU, RPB1, RPB2 and
MCM7) placed the new species in a lineage sister to Eurotiomycetidae. Based on the evolutionary relationships and morphology,
a new subclass, a new order, family and genus are described to place the new species: Cryptocalicium blascoi. This calicioid
species occurs on the inner side of loose bark strips of Cupressaceae (Cupressus, Juniperus). Morphologically, C. blascoi is
characterized by having minute apothecioid stalked ascomata producing mazaedia, clavate bitunicate asci with hemiamyloid
reaction, presence of hamathecium and an apothecial external surface with dark violet granules that becomes turquoise green in
KOH. The ancestral state reconstruction analyses support a common ancestor with open ascomata for all deep nodes in
Eurotiomycetes and the evolution of closed ascomata (cleistothecioid in Eurotiomycetidae and perithecioid in
Chaetothyriomycetidae) from apothecioid ancestors. The appropriateness of the description of a new subclass for this fungus
is also discussed.
Keywords: Ascomycota . Cryptocaliciales ord. nov. . Cryptocaliciaceae fam. nov. . Ascoma evolution . Calicioid . Hemiamyloid
asci . Spain.
- Id:
- 33613
- Submitter:
- zdenek
- Post_time:
- Thursday, 08 July 2021 00:38