[in Chinese with English abstract: ] Transplanting experiments of six species of epiphytic macrolichens were carried out in Ailao Mountains for two-year. The differences of health rate and biomass growth rate of the lichens among three habitats, primeval forest interior, forest edge and open land, were compared. The relationship between lichen growth and environmental factors were also detected. It was found that the biomass of Lobaria retigera and Sticta nylanderiana increased most rapidly in the forest edge, while Sulcaria sulcata, Usnea florida, Nephromopsis pallescens and Lobaria isidiophora grew best at the open land with strongest light and lower humidity. The health rates of the lichens were higher in the open land, relatively lower in forest edge, and lowest in the forest interior, except for Lobaria retigera. Non-parametric correlation analysis showed that the growth rate of the six lichen species was positively correlated with light and temperature, and negatively correlated with atmospheric humidity. Temperature and light are the most important factors affecting the growth of epiphytic lichens. Key words: montane forest, macrolichen, epiphyte, transplant growth, biomass accumulation.