[in Russian with English summary: ] Aboveground phytomass structure of the alpine lichen heath (Teberda reserve, the Northwestern Caucasus) was studied on the plots with the long-term (1999–2008) nutrient addition. Six treatments were established: 1) control, 2) lime addition, 3) nitrogen addition, 4) phosphorous addition, 5) both nitrogen and phosphorous addition, 6) water stress reduction under low precipitation. Phytomass was sampled in late July – August 2008. Total phytomass signifi cantly increased after ten years of treatment only in response to both nitrogen and phosphorous addition. Share of vascular plants doubled at NP treatment and increased by 1,4 times at P treatment. Lichens almost completely disappeared at N and NP treatments. Necromass increased at N and NP treatments. Changes in alpine lichen heath community structure were caused by changes in the role of separate components of community, and were based on species initially growing on the experimental plots; no invasions of new species were observed. Key words: alpine ecosystems, nitrogen, phosphorous, lime, water.