A new species, Varicellaria emeiensis, is described from Sichuan Province, southwest China. It is characterized by its lecanorate apothecia with heavily white-pruinose discs, 8-spored ascus, and the presence of lecanoric acid. Additional material is reported for four Varicellaria species previously recorded from China, and a key is provided to the five species known from China. Key words—Ochrolechiaceae, Pertusariales, lichens, taxonomy.