[in Chinese with English abstract:] A preliminary study was carried out on the species diversity, distribution and geographical elements of the lichen family Physciaceae of Wudalianchi, northeastern China. There are 4 genera and 38 species in the area, among them 25 are new to Heilongjiang Province and two are new to China. Based on the geographical analysis, these species were classified into six categories: cosmopolitan element, Eastern Asia‐North America element, Eastern Asia element, north temperate element, pantropical element and Sino‐endemic element. The main categories are north temperate element (29%), Eastern Asia‐North America element (29%) and cosmopolitan element (18%). The species belonging to Physciaceae of this area frequently grow on Quercus mongolica, Populus davidiana, rotten wood and rock. Key words: China, volcano, Physciaceae, geographical element, new record species.