[in Chinese with English abstract:] This paper deals with the heat tolerance of mycobionts and phycobionts isolated from desert lichens Endocarpon pusillum, Acarospora nodulosa, and A. schleicheri. This study is a part of the research program of the desert biological carpet engineering. The results showed that the mycobionts and phycobionts of the three desert lichens can only tolerate the temperature of 50°C under the moist conditions. However, under the arid conditions both the mycobiont and phycobiont of E. pusillum can tolerate the temperature of 75°C, and those of the other two lichens can tolerate the temperature of 80°C. It is concluded that the high-temperature tolerance of mycobionts and phycobionts isolated from desert lichens is much stronger under arid conditions than that under moist conditions. Key words: biological carpet engineering, moist, arid, temperature.