Lichens collected from Bangladesh in 1968 and 2002 are reported, the first published account for the country. In all, 51 species could be identified, most of which are pantropical (75%), four are cosmopolitan, and one uncertain species is restricted to Eurasia. Only one species, Ocellularia keralensis, is probably restricted to the Indian subcontinent, while three are restricted to tropical Asia and three are palaeotropical. The lichen flora appears to be a poor, wet lowland tropical one. Indian subcontinent, flora, biogeography.