This work deals with the survival analyses of the symbionts isolated from the lichen E. pusillum under desiccation and starvation stress. The mycobiont of the symbionts was under the desiccation in combination with starvation stress, and under starvation stress alone as well. The phycobiont of the symbionts was under desiccation stress alone. The experiments were detected by means of the biomass size, weight and cell density, deformity of the hyphae and cells, and metabolic activity through SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), FM (fluorescence microscopy), spectrophotometry, and FCM (flow cytometry). The results show that the mycobiont can survive for seven months under desiccation stress in combination with starvation stress, and for eight months under starvation stress alone. The phycobiont can survive for two months under desiccation stress. It can provide a scientific basis for further research of the reproduction biology of lichens and arid desert biocarpet engineering to fix sand and carbon. lichens, mycobiont, phycobiont, SEM, TEM, FM, FCM, reproduction, biocarpet.