119 lichen species in 62 genera are reported from Ellef Ringnes Island within the polar desert zone of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Stereocaulon depressum and Solorina bispora var. subspongiosa are reported from North America for the first time. Cystocoleus ebeneus and Pertusaria atra are new to the American Arctic. Anaptychia bryorum, Caloplaca phaeocarpella, Cladonia scabriuscula, Cladonia squamosa, Cladonia stygia, Endocarpon pusillum, Lecanora leptacinella, Peltigera frippii, Rinodina terrestris, Schadonia fecunda, Stereocaulon groenlandicum, Dermatocarpon miniatum var. miniatum are new to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Another 91 species are new to the island.