Two species of Gyalidea from Japan are taxonomicaliy treated. Gyalidea kawanae H. Harada et Vězda is described as new on the basis of specimens from Chiba-ken, central Japan. It is characterized by having goniocystangia, relatively large (0.35-1.00 mm diam.), adnate apothecia with ±dark brown proper margin and pale brown discs, transversely 3-5(-7)-septate ascospores (15-24 x 6.5-8 µm), and by saxicolous habit. It was found on friable rocks in partial shade in forest in the warm temperate zone. Gyalidea pacifica H. Harada et Vězda, previously known only from Hachijo Island of Izu Islands, was collected in Chiba-ken, with a saxicolous specimen and a muscicolous one. This species is also shown to have goniocystangia. lichens, lichenized Ascomycota, Solorinellaceae, Gyalidea, new species, Taxonomy, Japan