Biatora australis and B. hafellneri from South America, B. pacifica from East Asia, B. radicicola from central and northern Europe and the Caucasus, and B. terrae-novae from Newfoundland are described as new to science. The phylogenetic position of four of these species is reconstructed using ITS and mrSSU sequence data. Revised identification keys for the Biatora vernalis group and Biatora species with non-septate ascospores and blue or green apothecial pigments are also provided. Key words: East Asia, Europe, ITS, lichens, mrSSU, Newfoundland, Patagonia.