We describe Myriospora hilitzeri from the Czech Republic, Germany and Italy. It is named after the Czech lichenologist and science fiction writer Alfred C. Hilitzer (1899–1940). The species Acarospora smaragdula form macrophylla was described by Magnusson from a single collection by A. C. Hilitzer from the summit of Keprník Mountain in Jeseníky Mountains of the Czech Republic on some gneiss rocks in 1925. It has never been col- lected again and is possibly extinct. It is raised to the species level in this paper as Myriospora macrophylla. A world-wide key of the 15 species of Myriospora is supplied. Key words: Acarospora, β-tubulin, iron-rich limestone, Myriospora hassei, M. smaragdula, extinct lichens, rare lichens, whewellite.