We report 23 lichenicolous fungi as new to Sweden, of which 17 are also new to Fennoscandia. Additionally, Actinocladium rhodosporum is recorded for the first time as lichenicolous in Sweden. The taxa treated include Acremonium vanderkolkii, Actinocladium rhodosporum, Arthonia colombiana, A. epiparmelia, Buelliella physciicola, Burgoa moriformis, Cercidospora lobothalliae, Cladophialophora cladoniae, C. parmeliae, Clypeococcum cetrariae, Endococcus ramalinarius, Feltgeniomyces luxemburgensis, Lawalreea burgaziana, Lichenopuccinia poeltii, Llanorella ramalinae, Milospium lacoizquetae, Pronectria echinulata, P. scrobiculatae, P. walkerorum, Psammina stipitata, Pyrenochaeta xanthoriae, Scutula curvispora, Tremella imshaugiae and Xenonectriella septemseptata. We also describe a new species, Epithamnolia lumbricispora growing on Ochrolechia microstictoides. Megalaria pulverea and Pertusaria coccodes are reported as new hosts for Actinocladium rhodosporum, Melanelixia sp. for Cladophialophora parmeliae, Scoliciosporum sp. for Burgoa moriformis, and Evernia prunastri for Llanorella ramalinae. Microconidia associated with conidiomata from Lichenopuccinia poeltii are reported, and an asexual state associated with X. septemseptata is briefly described.