Based on morpho-anatomical, chemical, and phylogenetic analyses, a new species (Gloeoheppia planum) and two new records (G. erosa and G. polyspora) in China were identified. Gloeoheppia planum is characterized by squamules that are flat or slightly concave in the center, often forming mats up to 5 cm in diameter. Gloeoheppia erosa is well recognized by its very rough and cracked upper surface. Gloeoheppia polyspora is characterized by a swollen thallus, a smooth upper surface, and 16-spored asci. Detailed descriptions and morpho-anatomical images of the three species are provided, along with a key to the genus Gloeoheppia worldwide. Key words: 1 new species, Biodiversity, Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve, Systematic taxonomy.