Revised descriptions with new images and records of the European species Acarospora nitrophila and A. praeruptorum are published. Acarospora moraviae is treated as synonym of A. nitrophila. Acarospora matraensis, incorrectly reported as A. nitrophila, is described from Hungary. Keywords: Acarospora suzae, DNA barcodes, Iceland, integrative taxonomy, Korea, medullary anatomy.