Three species and one variety of lichenicolous fungi are described as new to science: Dacampia joshii (on Rusavskia elegans), Endococcus leptogiicola (on Scytinium imbricatum), Lichenochora epidesertorum var. taimyrica (on Gyalolechia bracteata), and Niesslia sibirica (on Peltigera leucophlebia). A new combination, Capronia peltigericola, is also proposed. An unusual Karsteniomyces anamorph of a Scutula species growing on Peltigera polydactylon, as well as Geltingia associata s. lat., found on the unusual host lichen genus Lecidea, are both described and illustrated. Lichenochora sedelnikoviorum is newly reported from Svalbard and Europe, occurring on the new host genus Scytinium, while Phacographa protoparmeliae is recorded for the first time in Asia. Key words: India, Russia, Svalbard, USA, lichen-dwelling fungi, taxonomy.