The study presents two noteworthy new records for Bulgaria, Gyalecta flotowii and Microcalicium disseminatum. Both species were found in the Parangalitsa Reserve, which is expected to be one of the hotspots for lichen biodiversity in the country but remains understudied. Gyalecta flotowii is a rare crustose lichen occurring on deciduous trees. Microcalicium disseminatum is a lichenicolous fungus that grows on calicioid lichens and represents the first record of this genus from Bulgaria. Both species are indicative of old-growth forests with a humid climate. The new records are presented with detailed taxonomic descriptions, illustrations and ecological notes based on the Bulgarian specimens. Keywords: Bulgarian protected areas, lichenicolous fungi, lichens, old-growth forests.