A revision of the genus Myelochroa in the south of Russian Far East was carried out. A total of eight species of the genus were identified, and a key for their identification was prepared. For each species, the characteristic features of the studied samples, differences from related species are indicated, their distribution was clarified, and maps were prepared. Several new substances were identified during the study of the composition of secondary metabolites of Myelochroa species. Сhloroatranorin was reported for the genus Myelochroa for the first time. In addition, noristictic acid was found for the first time in M. galbina and M. metarevoluta, and salazinic acid was found for the first time in M. leucotyliza. The taxonomic significance of some substances in the systematics of the genus has been clarified. Keywords: lichens, Asia, Parmeliaceae, secondary metabolites, distribution, taxonomy.