Eighteen species of the genus Peltigera are known from the German state of Saxony, thirteen of which have been recently documented and can be considered extant. By contrast, five species, Peltigera aphthosa, P. leucophlebia, P. malacea, P. membranacea, and P. venosa are only known from historic collections. The historic and recent distribution of the species is documented by grid distribution maps. Morphological characteristics of the species, their ecology and endangerment are discussed. Biodiversity, lichenized Ascomycota, Germany, conservation