Phaeocaliciump olyporaeum (Nyl.) Tibell, a non-lichenized calicioid fungus, is reported as new to Japan. It was found on the surface of Trichaptuma bietinum, a small polyporous fungus, growing on the trunks of Pinus densifl ora and Abies sp. at an elevation of 1348 m in Nagano Pref., central Japan. The ITS rDNA and nrLSU sequences were obtained from the specimens of Japan and Far East Russia, in which the diff erences were one transition and one indel for ITS rDNA (ITS1 region) and one transition for nrLSU (D1/D2 region). The molecular phylogenetic position for our samples of P. polyporaeum among the related taxa based on the ITS rDNA sequences is also shown.