[in Russian with English abstract: ] The work is devoted to the study of lichens of the National Park “Prielbrusye” (NPP), carried out with the help of the route method. The National Park “Prielbrusie”with an area of 101.2 km2 was established in 1986 in the southwestern part of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in order to preserve the unique natural complexes of the Prielbrusye and to use it for recreational, scientific and cultural purposes. Despite the long history of lichen studies on the territory of the NPP, the diversity of its lichenoflora remained understudied and amounted to only 329 species. The results of our research showed the heterogeneity of the studied lichenobiota. It includes 386 species belonging to 142 genera and 27 families. Some species are experiencing strong anthropogenic pressure, which has led to dramatic extinction in the study area. These are, for example, Lobaria pulmonaria, Usnea florida, Sticta sylvatica, etc., which are already red-listed species of the Russian Federation and KBR.