Two species of the lichen genus Coenogonium are added to the Tasmanian census: C. dilucidum (Kremp.) Kalb & Lücking, a widespread, pantropical, foliicolous species; and C. flavoinspersum Kantvilas sp. nov., characterised by apothecia 0.5−1.2 mm wide, a subhymenium and hypothecium densely inspersed with yellow oil droplets, and narrowly ellipsoid ascospores, 8.5−12 x 2.5-4 μm. The placement of the new species in Coenogonium is discussed. A key to the nine species of the genus recorded for Tasmania is presented. Keywords: Australia, Coenogoniaceae, exciple, Gyalecta, lichenised fungi, Melaleuca woodland, new species, taxonomy.