[in Russian with English summary: ] Based on the data accumulated over the nearly 240-year history of lichenological studies in Belarus (1781— 2017), the results of comparing the species composition of epiphytic lichens are presented. In Belarus, two thirds of lichen species (406, or 68,0%) grow on the bark of 49 species of trees and shrubs. The main types of phorophytes are pedunculate oak, aspen, Scots pine, alder, birch and spruce. A positive correlation between the total number of epiphytic lichens of tree species and the amount of obligate epiphytes was revealed. The cluster analysis revealed a significant difference in the lichen species composition of various species of trees and shrubs. At a level corresponding to a Sørensen index value of more than 0,5, five clusters have been identified that combine phorophytes with relatively high similarity in the species composition of lichens. The article presents the lichen species which are typical for each group of phorophytes. Key words: epiphytes, phorophyte, lichen biota, substrate, affinity index, Belarus.