The North America species presently called Acarospora gyrocarpa is found to be genetically distinct from true Acarospora gyrocarpa from Asia. The name Sarcogyne oligospora is available for the North American species. However, since there is already an Acarospora oligospora, we name the North American species Acarospora leavittii in honor of the Utah lichenologist Steve Leavitt. Acarospora gyrocarpa from Asia is currently treated as Sarcogyne gyrocarpa based on results of this study. Key words: Acarosporaceae, IKI reactions of hymenial gels, nomenclature, Polysporina.