[in Chinese with English abstract:] In the desert lichen Endocarpon pusillum can not be detected any secondary metabolite. But, its mycobiont genome contains fourteen PKS genes and two NRPS genes. Through the activation of culture in vermiculite medium, three secondary metabolites have been obtained from the mycobiont, including a new isoindolin-1-one compound (endocarpin A), a new naphthoquinone (endocarpin B) and lamellicolic anhydride. Other three demagnesium chlorophyll compounds were isolated from its phycobiont Diplosphaera chodatii. They are phaeophorbide b, 13-epi-phaeophorbide a and phaeophorbide a. Phaeophorbide b owned medium antioxidant activity based on the ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals in vitro. Key words: lichenized fungus, phycobiont, Diplosphaera chodatii, isoindolin-1-one, naphthoquinone.