The list of twelve lichen species new for the Orenburg Region, Russia is provided. Verrucula biatorinaria (Zehetl.) Nav.-Ros. et Cl. Roux is new to Russia. Caloplaca soralifera Vondrák et Hrouzek, Rinodina epiianthina Jatta, Piccolia ochrophora (Nyl.) Hafellner are new to Ural. Caloplaca raesaenenii Bredkina, Cliostomum corrugatum (Ach.) Fr., Lecanora garovaglii (Körb.) Zahlbr. and Verrucaria denudata Zschacke are new to Southern Ural. Caloplaca ahtii Søchting, Candelariella antennaria Räsänen, C. lutella (Vain.) Räsänen, Gyalecta fagicola (Hepp) Kremp. and Rinodina epiianthina are new to Southern European Russia. Data on substrates, habitats, distribution are listed for every species. Taxonomic comments and distinctive characters are provided for selected species. Keywords: lichens, new records, Russia, Ural, steppe zone, Orenburg Region.