The lichen flora on Juniperus oxycedrus L. in the ancient, montane holm-oak forest at Campu Su Disterru (Supramonte di Orgosolo, central-east Sardina, Italy) has been investigated and 68 taxa of lichens plus 3 lichenicolous fungi were identified. The most remarkable findings are: Ophioparma rubricosa (Müll. Arg.) Ekman, new to Europe, and Chaenothecopsis nana Tibell, new to Italy. 8 species are reported for the first time from Sardinia: Agonimia octospora Coppins & P. James, Calicium adspersum Pers., Caloplaca hungarica Magnusson, Chaenotheca phaeocephala (Turn.) Th. Fr., Hypocenomyce scalaris (Ach. ex Lilj.) M. Choisy, Lecanora argentata (Ach.) Malme, Lepraria umbricola Tønsb. and Rinodina archaea (Ach.) Arnold. Many further species are rare in Italy and in Sardinia. The number of species exceeds that on Quercus ilex L. on the same site. This demonstrates the importanee of a non-dominant tree species for the epiphytie liehen flora of a forest. A phytogeographical analysis shows that species with a wide distribution in temperate areas of Europe are dominant (Temperate element, 72 %). The Atlantic/Oceanic element comprises 13%, while few speeies belong to other elements: Aretic-alpine / Boreal-montane 3%, Mediterranean-montane 5% and Mediterranean 7%.