Feb. 26, 1853, Trevisan published a book "Tornabenia et Blasteniospora nova Parmeliarum genera". In it he proposed the genus Tornabenia, citing two species, T. montagnei Trev. and T. inlricata (Desf.) Trev. Tornabenia monta-gnei is a new name for Evernia intricata var. cylindrica Mont., which is now regarded as a synonym of Anaplychia intricata (Desf.) Mass. In 1853, but after Trevisan's publication, Massalongo reduced Tornabenia to a synonym of Anaptychia and also transferred T. intricata to Anaptychia. Accordingly, Anaptychia inlricata and the related species A. ephebea, both with fruticose thalli, have long been members of Anaptychia, because they have polarbilocular brown spores and a nonparaplechtenchymatous cortex. They have also been considered to be closely related to A. ciliaris (L.) Korb. and A. kaspica Gyel. However, as a rule, the thallus of Anaptychia is foliose and dorsiventral, even though some of the species have ascending or suberect lobes. Although, for example, the lobes of A. ciliaris and A. kaspica are ascending towards the tips, sometimes very narrow, and tomentose on the uppersurface, just as in A. intricata and A. ephebea, the thallus is not fruticose, and the lobes are apparently dorsiventral and lack a lower cortex. The genus Anaptychia includes the several other species which have ascending or suberect lobes: A. erinacea, A. podocarpa, A. hypochraea, A. himalayensis, A. incana, A. leucomelaena, A. neoleucomelaena, A. lutescens, etc. However, all of them are dorsiventral and lack a lower cortex. In addition, the lobes of all these species, including A. ciliaris and A. kaspica, have marginal rhizines, which are completely absent in A. intricata and A. ephebea. In a few species of Anaptychia, the lobes are corticate on the uppersurface, the undersurface, and the margin, for example, in A, fusca, A. palmulata, A. speciosa, A. pseudospeciosa, and A. firmida. However, they are definitely foliose and dorsiventral and have rhizines below, which originate from the lower cortex. It is noteworthy that these species have adnate or closely adnate thalli, and the lobes are not at all ascending or suberect As already mentioned above, there is another reason why A. intricala and A. ephebea have long been considered as Anaptychias; namely, because they produce polarbilocular brown spores. There is one median septum in mature spores of A. intricate and A. ephebea. Although the wall is sometimes thickened only at the septum and much thinner at the ends, the development of spores in these two species is almost the same as that in Axillaris, A. kaspica, A. fusca, A. palmulata, etc. However, A. ciliaris and A. kaspica are quite different from A. intricata and A. ephebea in structure of lobes and life form; the lobes of A. fusca and A. palmulata are dorsiventral and closely adnate to the substratum. The genus Anaptychia is characterized by producing 1-septate brown spores and by having a nonparaplechtenchymatous cortex, which is composed of conglutinated thick-walled hyphae oriented mostly in a longitudinal direction. Although A. intricata and A. ephebea produce 1-septate brown spores and have the same cortical structure, there is no species which is intermediate between these two species and the other species of Anaptychia in structure of lobes and life form. For the reasons mentioned above, the author feels that it is desirable to resurrect Tornabenia Trev. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Rolf Santesson, Uppsala University, for his suggestions in some nomenclatural problems.