Anisomeridium throwerae is reported as new for Japan. It was found growing on the trunk of an evergreen hardwood, Cinnamomum japonicum, in forests in the warm-temperate zone in Kagoshima-ken, Kyushu, southwestern Japan. A detailed description with illustrations is provided based on the Japanese material. lichenized Ascomycota, new record, Taxonomy, biodiversity, Kagoshima, Japan